How they do it: H&M offers all its products at really low prices. This also includes e.g. formal and business wear, allowing to target a large group of customers with a low purchasing power for clothing.
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How they do it: Denner, with its ”no frills” approach, tries to focus on deliver on the basic needs during grocery shopping. This excludes a complex and nice presentation of goods and a wide choice of products to give the customer the cheapest prices.
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How they do it: Since 2004, Renault and its subsidiary Dacia produce a model called ”Logan”, a small family vehicle targeted at the bottom of the pyramid. To date, it has sold millions of individual units, in countries and regions such as Iran, India, South America, and Eastern Europe. The Logan was designed from the outset as an affordable car, and has many simplified features to keep costs down. It is among the most affordable vehicles available on the market today.
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How they do it: In the 1990s, the company introduced Wheel, a laundry detergent specifically developed for the Indian market, containing a lower oil-to-water ratio to make it suitable to hand wash textiles in rivers, as is frequently the custom in India. The product was distributed through local corner shops as well as door-to-door sales representatives .
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