The logic that the user is responsible for the income of the business is abandoned. Instead, the main source of revenue comes from a third party, which cross-finances whatever free or low-priced offering attracts the users. A very common case of this model is financing through advertisement, where attracted customers are of value to the advertisers who fund the offering. This concept facilitates the idea of 'separation between revenue and customer'.
How they do it: Mozilla doesn’t charge its users for the download or use of the software. However by using the software, Mozilla gets access to the users data and searches, which the company can then market to search engine operators and other advertisers.
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How they do it: Facebook is free for private individuals and businesses. The main monetization happens through the possibility for companies for targeted advertising.
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How they do it: Google’s search engine is free to use for all customers. However Google monetizes its search users through providing companies targeted advertising which allows them to target exactly the customers that are looking for a certain product or service and also enables the customers to better find what they are looking for.
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How they do it: Craigslist generates revenue through listing fees for certain categories such as jobs and apartments. Users can use the platform for free.
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How they do it: The advertising model, popular with industries such as media (radio, TV, websites), was adopted by Ryanair. If there is a flat surface anywhere on a Ryanair plane, chances are good that they have placed an advertisement on it. Advertisers can also place ads on the booking website, Ryanair.com.
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