The logic that the user is responsible for the income of the business is abandoned. Instead, the main source of revenue comes from a third party, which cross-finances whatever free or low-priced offering attracts the users. A very common case of this model is financing through advertisement, where attracted customers are of value to the advertisers who fund the offering. This concept facilitates the idea of 'separation between revenue and customer'.
How they do it: Twitter does not charge its users for accessing its platform or using its mobile apps. Rather, advertisements are shown periodically, and brands may pay Twitter a fee to promote their tweets sl that they appear more prominently throughout users’ newsfeeds.
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How they do it: Brainpool’s video-on-demand platform MySpass is available for free but financed with video advertising (comparable to traditional TV advertising).
Learn more about Brainpool →
How they do it: A lot of apps in the AppStore are available for free to the user, however while using the app the user is exposed to various advertisements.
Learn more about Apple iPhone/AppStore →
How they do it: The advertising model, popular with industries such as media (radio, TV, websites), was adopted by Ryanair. If there is a flat surface anywhere on a Ryanair plane, chances are good that they have placed an advertisement on it. Advertisers can also place ads on the booking website, Ryanair.com.
Learn more about Ryanair →
How they do it: Google’s search engine is free to use for all customers. However Google monetizes its search users through providing companies targeted advertising which allows them to target exactly the customers that are looking for a certain product or service and also enables the customers to better find what they are looking for.
Learn more about Google →